Arduino: An Introduction to the Open-Source Electronics Platform
Arduino is an open-source electronics platform that was first released in 2005 by the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in Italy. It is primarily based on Atmel microcontrollers (although Intel's Quark microcontrollers have also been used recently) and features a bootloader1. Arduino has become a popular tool in the maker community due to its ease of use and flexibility, allowing users to quickly prototype and develop various projects2.
Anyone can customize their own Arduino to meet their specific needs. Arduino's projects are based on the idea of "quick prototyping, ease of use, and stable results" for electronic circuits. Arduino has a vast library of examples, physical add-ons called "shields"3, and alternative models with different price and feature differentials.
The circuit structure of Arduino includes a USB connection, power connection, input/output pins, and basic components such as LEDs and a reset button. The USB connection can be used to send programs called sketches4 using Arduino IDE5 and alternatives, establish data communication between the computer and the board, and power the board. In addition, a recommended 9V adapter can be used for external power. When comparing the two power options, the adapter is safer than the USB because the USB output may not provide enough current when using elements like motors.
As shown in the image above, Arduino provides a range of different models to meet different application needs. The variety of models allows for a range of applications, from the commonly used Arduino UNO to the smaller Pro Mini and Nano, the powerful Mega, and the Lilypad, which is ideal for wearable technology due to its ability to be sewn onto fabric and washed. I will be explaining more about Arduino UNO in upcoming articles.
Arduino The Documentary
To further understand Arduino and its significance, I recommend watching Arduino The Documentary6, which tells the story of the project's idea, development, and future.
Conclusion
In summary, Arduino is an open-source electronics platform that allows for quick prototyping and development of various projects. Its ease of use, flexibility, and vast community of users have made it a popular tool in the maker community, with a wide range of models and practical applications.